All tires should maintain a pressure of 30–35 psi. When the temperature drops, tire pressure is known to decrease. If it drops below 30 psi, it's essential to refill the tire to its operating pressure. For older model cars without tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMS), having a tire pressure gauge readily available at convenience stores is a great idea.
Imagine driving with underinflated tires in cold weather. It can lead to reduced fuel efficiency, uneven tire wear, and even affect the handling and safety of your vehicle. By regularly checking and maintaining the correct tire pressure, you can avoid these issues and ensure a smooth ride.
During the colder months, there are four critical fluids that need to be monitored:
Antifreeze: This prevents the engine from overheating and warms the vehicle's interior. Before checking the antifreeze levels, make sure the engine temperature has dropped below 200 degrees Fahrenheit. Antifreeze is typically blue, orange, or green and is located in the radiator under the hood, usually behind the front grille. Open the radiator cap to inspect the fluid level. If you notice antifreeze leaking in your driveway, it's time to take your car to a mechanic.
Engine Oil: It's important to check engine oil year-round, but especially in cold months. First, ensure the car engine is off. Find the yellow or orange dipstick and pull it out to check the oil level against the markings. For accuracy, check the dipstick twice.
Brake Fluid: Found in the master cylinder on the driver's side near the firewall, the cylinder cap is labeled "Brake Fluid." Open the cap and check if the fluid level meets the marked requirement.
Windshield Wiper Fluid: Windshield wiper fluid reservoirs vary by vehicle but are marked with a blue cap with a windshield icon. Check the fluid level and refill as needed to ensure clear visibility during winter storms.
Serpentine belts operate important components like the power steering, A/C, water pump, and alternator. There are two ways to check the belt:
Sound: A damaged belt makes a screeching noise when the engine runs. Listen closely near the belt to confirm the source of the sound. This can help you identify any potential issues before they lead to more serious problems.
Visual and Physical Inspection: Look for visible cracks and feel the belt for damage. Cold weather can cause rubber belts to crack, so it's important to regularly inspect them.
Here are some essential items to have in your car during the winter season in case of emergencies:
Jumper cables: In case your battery dies, jumper cables can come in handy to give it a jumpstart.
A gallon of antifreeze or water: This can help if you need to top up the radiator or deal with a coolant leak.
A mini air compressor: Useful for inflating tires or airing up a spare tire.
A blanket: Keeps you warm in case you get stranded in cold weather.
A fully stocked emergency wheel kit: Equipped with tools and spare parts to handle minor tire issues.
By staying proactive about your vehicle's maintenance during the colder months, you can save yourself from unexpected breakdowns. Keeping an eye on these key components will help you be better prepared to navigate winter roads and ensure your safety on the road.