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Jenson Button, the celebrated 2009 Formula 1 world champion, is preparing to conclude his tenure in the World Endurance Championship (WEC) at the close of 2025. He has openly dismissed the idea of making intermittent appearances at prestigious events like the Le Mans 24 Hours, attributing this decision to the highly complex and constantly evolving technology of WEC Hypercars. Button emphasized that mastering these advanced racing machines demands continuous involvement, making casual participation impractical, especially for a driver of his age.

Moving forward, Button's racing passion will pivot towards historic motorsport, a sphere he finds immensely enjoyable and less demanding in terms of professional commitment. He also acknowledged the possibility of rejoining the NASCAR Cup series for select events, noting its more mechanical setup as a significant factor that makes it more accessible for a less intensive racing schedule. This strategic shift highlights his desire to prioritize the sheer enjoyment of racing over the rigorous demands of top-tier professional competition.

Button's Departure from WEC and the Intricacies of Hypercar Racing

Jenson Button, the esteemed 2009 Formula 1 world champion, is poised to exit the World Endurance Championship (WEC) at the close of the 2025 season. He has explicitly stated that he harbors no aspirations for single-race returns to iconic events such as the Le Mans 24 Hours following his departure. Button underscored the profound complexity inherent in WEC Hypercar class entries, explaining that the sophisticated systems and rapid technological advancements necessitate unwavering dedication and continuous engagement to maintain a competitive edge. This ongoing learning curve, he noted, is particularly challenging for older drivers, suggesting that sporadic participation would not allow him to perform at the level he demands of himself.

Button's decision is rooted in the demanding nature of modern endurance racing, where the intricate interplay of car systems and evolving technologies requires constant immersion. He previously joined the Hypercar field with Jota's customer Porsches and subsequently moved to Cadillac's factory program, experiencing firsthand the intensity and continuous adaptation required. His comments reflect a pragmatic understanding that a full-time commitment is essential for success in this highly specialized discipline, making one-off appearances an unappealing prospect given the extensive preparation and system mastery involved. This shift signals a desire to move away from the high-pressure, technologically intense environment of top-tier endurance racing.

A New Chapter: Embracing Historic Racing and Flexible Competition

Following his departure from the WEC, Jenson Button plans to redirect his formidable talents towards historic racing, embracing a more recreational approach to his celebrated career. This pivot signifies a conscious decision to engage in motorsport for sheer enjoyment, moving away from the professional pressures of highly competitive series. Button expressed a particular fondness for historic events, humorously attributing this preference to his age, and has been actively expanding his collection of classic racing vehicles. His growing fleet now includes a Jaguar E-type, a C-type once owned by Juan Manuel Fangio, and an Alfa Romeo GT Junior, all of which he relishes driving in vintage competitions. His recent victory at the Goodwood Revival's RAC TT Celebration, sharing a C-type with Alex Buncombe, exemplifies his continued prowess and passion in this domain.

Button also hinted at the possibility of making occasional appearances in the NASCAR Cup series, a departure from the intricate Hypercar class. He clarified that NASCAR's more mechanical nature, which relies less on complex electronic systems, makes it a more accessible and enjoyable option for part-time participation. This flexibility allows him to \"jump in and feel what the car is doing\" without the extensive technical acclimatization required in WEC. This dual focus on historic racing and potential NASCAR outings underlines Button's intention to remain active in motorsport, but on his own terms, prioritizing personal fulfillment and the joy of driving over the demanding schedule and technical complexities of professional endurance racing.

Formula 1 teams leverage Testing of Previous Cars (TPC) programs to navigate the stringent restrictions imposed on testing current vehicles. These sessions are instrumental for drivers and technical personnel to stay sharp and integrate new members effectively. Although TPC offers significant advantages, it operates under specific FIA guidelines that dictate the age of cars used, the type of circuits, and total mileage, with recent modifications designed to address the integration of new power unit providers and uphold competitive fairness.

The Strategic Imperative of TPC for F1 Teams

In the highly competitive world of Formula 1, where official testing of current-season cars is severely limited, Testing of Previous Cars (TPC) has emerged as a vital strategic tool for teams. TPC programs allow teams to keep their drivers and crew in top form, ensuring that reflexes, coordination, and operational efficiency are maintained throughout the year. This is particularly crucial after the off-season, preventing any decline in performance and ensuring seamless integration of new personnel. The ability to use older machinery provides a controlled environment for these objectives without falling foul of current car testing restrictions. Moreover, TPC offers invaluable opportunities for developing emerging talent within team academies, allowing young drivers to gain critical track experience and potentially impress for future F1 roles, while also providing teams with additional data on both driver performance and track characteristics.

The concept of TPC gained formal recognition in the F1 sporting regulations during the 2010s, becoming a standard practice across the grid. These tests permit teams to undertake up to 20 days of track activity using cars that are at least two years old. This flexibility is essential, as pre-season testing is restricted to just three days, and filming days—another opportunity for on-track action—limit mileage to 200km on special Pirelli tires. The absence of unrestricted testing, a measure introduced to manage costs and preserve competitive balance, has elevated the importance of TPC. For instance, Romain Grosjean's recent return to an F1 car with his former team Haas at Mugello, driving their 2023 model, exemplifies how TPC facilitates a comeback or a continuous engagement for drivers with the sport's high demands, even years after their last competitive outing. Such sessions help teams bridge the gap created by limited official testing, ensuring preparedness and continuous improvement.

Navigating the Regulatory Landscape of TPC in Formula 1

While TPC offers considerable benefits, its implementation is strictly governed by a comprehensive set of regulations outlined in Article 10.2 of the sporting guidelines. These rules are designed to prevent teams from gaining an unfair advantage through extensive testing. Key among these restrictions is the requirement that the car used for TPC must be a minimum of two years old. Additionally, teams are permitted to use only one car per testing day, meaning a driver cannot switch between different older models within the same session. The choice of testing venue is also scrutinized, with the FIA stipulating that only Grade 1 circuits, which meet the basic standards for hosting an F1 Grand Prix, can be utilized. Furthermore, teams are explicitly prohibited from conducting TPC on tracks that are scheduled to host an upcoming Grand Prix within the next 60 days, thereby maintaining a level playing field and preventing localized advantages.

Recent modifications to TPC regulations for the 2025 season have capped total testing days at 20, with a maximum of four days allocated to current full-time drivers, and a total mileage limit of 1000km. These changes were prompted by instances where teams, such as Red Bull with Max Verstappen and McLaren with their main drivers, engaged in intensive TPC programs to refine car development, which sparked concerns about potential loopholes. Looking ahead to 2026, when new power unit regulations come into effect, the FIA has mandated that engine suppliers with expiring contracts must continue providing current power units to former customer teams. This ensures that teams transitioning to new suppliers can still participate in TPC without being disadvantaged. Although the FIA has not imposed budget caps on TPC, allowing suppliers to set their own costs, these expenses fall outside the official budget cap, ensuring that critical development pathways remain unaffected by financial limitations.