Trump's Controversial Push for Steam Catapults on Future US Navy Aircraft Carriers





Former President Donald Trump is once again pushing for the U.S. Navy to revert to traditional steam-powered catapults and hydraulic systems for its upcoming aircraft carrier, the USS Doris Miller. This move marks a continuation of his longstanding skepticism regarding the Electromagnetic Aircraft Launch System (EMALS) and advanced weapons elevators deployed on the newest Ford-class carriers. The directive, outlined in a recent memo on naval shipbuilding, mandates a 60-day deadline for the Department of Defense and the Navy Secretary to devise a strategy for this technological regression, raising concerns about potential cost escalations and construction delays for the USS Doris Miller, slated for delivery in 2034.
Trump's objections to the EMALS technology trace back to his first term, during which he frequently derided the system as overly complex and unreliable. He famously characterized the EMALS as a 'digital catapult system' and insisted on a return to 'goddamned steam,' even asserting that only an 'Albert Einstein' could operate the Ford's 'crazy electric catapult.' Despite these criticisms, the USS Gerald R. Ford, the first carrier to feature EMALS, has demonstrated improved efficiency in launching aircraft compared to its Nimitz-class predecessors, as noted by preliminary Navy reports.
The proposed transition back to steam catapults presents considerable logistical and financial hurdles. The manufacturing infrastructure for steam-powered systems has largely dissolved over the past two decades since the Navy's last procurement, implying that restarting production lines would be a monumental undertaking. Experts like Bryan Clark, a former naval officer and defense specialist, predict that redesigning carriers to accommodate steam piping for catapults would consume multiple years and incur billions of dollars in expenses. General Atomics, the contractor responsible for the EMALS and Advanced Arresting Gear on the USS Doris Miller, has voiced strong reservations, highlighting that with nearly 50% of the production complete, altering course now would introduce substantial risks concerning cost, schedule, and system integration.
The USS Gerald R. Ford itself encountered significant delays and budget overruns during its construction, eventually commissioning at a cost exceeding $13 billion. After a brief deployment in 2022, the carrier embarked on its first full operational tour last year, participating in critical missions in the Caribbean and the Middle East, including operations related to the capture of former Venezuelan president Nicolás Maduro and engagements in the U.S. conflict with Iran. The Navy's assessment indicated that the Ford's advanced launch and recovery systems positively contributed to an increased sortie generation rate, underscoring the performance advantages of the very technology Trump seeks to replace.
The presidential push to revert to older technology for naval aircraft launch systems reflects a persistent skepticism towards the costly and complex innovations in defense infrastructure. This directive signals a potential shift away from the advanced electromagnetic catapults and weapons elevators, despite their demonstrated operational benefits and the significant investment already made in their development and integration. The future trajectory of U.S. naval carrier technology now hangs in the balance, facing a costly and time-consuming reconsideration of its modernization path.