Electric Cars

This report delves into the contrasting approaches to autonomous vehicle development between industry leaders Waymo and Tesla, as articulated by former Waymo CEO John Krafcik. While both companies are at the forefront of self-driving technology, their current operational models and philosophical stances on autonomy diverge significantly. Krafcik's recent comments underscore a critical distinction: the necessity of human supervision versus truly driverless operation, a point of contention that defines the current landscape of autonomous ride-sharing services.

Former Waymo Chief Challenges Tesla's Robotaxi Claims Amidst San Francisco Debut

On a bright August 19, 2025, in the bustling heart of San Francisco, the highly anticipated Tesla Robotaxi service officially commenced operations, stepping directly into the territory long cultivated by autonomous driving pioneer, Waymo. However, this much-touted launch immediately drew sharp criticism from a prominent figure in the self-driving industry, John Krafcik. The former chief executive of Waymo, who steered the Google-affiliated company from 2015 to 2021, voiced his strong reservations regarding the true autonomy of Tesla's new offering.

In a direct statement to Business Insider, Krafcik, a seasoned veteran in autonomous mobility, asserted that Tesla's Robotaxi, despite its commercial rollout in Austin, Texas, in June and now the Bay Area, falls short of genuine self-driving capabilities. His primary contention revolves around the mandatory presence of a human safety driver or monitor within Tesla's vehicles. He emphatically stated, “It’s (rather obviously) not a robotaxi if there’s an employee inside the car,” adding, “Please let me know when Tesla launches a robotaxi—I’m still waiting.” This pointed remark highlights the fundamental difference in operational philosophy between the two autonomous driving giants.

Waymo, under Krafcik's leadership, meticulously progressed from an invite-only "early rider" program in 2017—which, notably, also utilized human backup drivers—to fully driverless operations in Phoenix by 2020. The company has since expanded its truly autonomous services to various cities, including San Francisco, Los Angeles, and Austin, commanding a fleet of approximately 1,500 self-driving vehicles. Waymo's deliberate, phased approach, characterized by a focus on robust technological development and transparent communication, stands in stark contrast to Tesla CEO Elon Musk's more ambitious, yet often deferred, pronouncements regarding full self-driving capabilities.

As Tesla's invite-only service is slated for "open access" next month, Krafcik’s disinterest in experiencing it firsthand underscores the deep-seated professional and philosophical divide. His skepticism stems from the perception that Tesla has adopted a less stringent path, opting to launch commercial services with human supervision rather than obtaining the necessary permits for truly driverless operation, as Waymo has done in California. This disparity in regulatory compliance and operational readiness defines the current competitive landscape in the race for fully autonomous urban mobility.

From a journalist's perspective, Krafcik's critique illuminates a crucial debate within the autonomous vehicle sector: what truly constitutes 'robotaxi' service? His comments serve as a valuable reminder that the journey to widespread, fully autonomous transportation is complex, demanding not only technological prowess but also a rigorous commitment to safety and regulatory compliance. It suggests that while innovation is vital, the industry must also prioritize a cautious, incremental approach to ensure public trust and the ultimate success of truly driverless mobility. The ongoing tension between rapid deployment and meticulous development will undoubtedly continue to shape the future of self-driving technology.

The automotive landscape is replete with ambitious, yet ultimately unfulfilled, sports car initiatives that often gain a second life through the realm of video games. Among these, the ASL Garaiya stands out as a particularly intriguing case, a vehicle whose story transcends its brief production aspirations. Conceived by Autobacs Sportscar Laboratory, a subsidiary of the prominent Japanese automotive parts retailer, the Garaiya represented an audacious foray into the competitive sports car market, aiming to carve out a niche alongside established players. Despite never achieving full-scale manufacturing, its distinctive design, engineering heritage, and an unexpected resurgence in diverse arenas underscore its enduring appeal and peculiar journey through automotive history.

The ASL Garaiya's origins are deeply intertwined with the fate of Tommykaira, a bankrupt sports car manufacturer whose assets were acquired by Autobacs. This acquisition led to the formation of Autobacs Sportscar Laboratory (ASL), with a vision to develop two distinct sports cars: the high-performance RS01, intended to feature the Nissan R34 Skyline engine, and the more accessible Garaiya. The Garaiya, essentially an evolution of the Tommykaira ZZ-I, retained its predecessor's aluminum monocoque chassis and mid-mounted 2.0-liter Nissan SR20 four-cylinder engine, producing approximately 200 brake horsepower, paired with a six-speed manual gearbox. While the ZZ-I bore the hallmarks of a more rudimentary assembly, the Garaiya presented a polished, junior supercar aesthetic, distinguished by its unique Lamborghini-inspired scissor doors and an unexpected, yet functional, integration of Alfa Romeo 147 taillights.

The Garaiya was first publicly unveiled at the 2002 Tokyo Motor Show, alongside the RS01. At the time, there were concrete plans for limited production, with an intriguing decision to establish manufacturing facilities in Norfolk, England—a region renowned for its lightweight sports car heritage. This choice, perhaps inspired by the British automotive industry's expertise in this niche, ultimately proved to be an unfulfilled aspiration. By 2005, the Garaiya project was abandoned, with only a handful of prototypes ever seeing the light of day. The RS01 also failed to reach production, and ASL eventually ceased operations. The exact reasons for the project's termination remain unclear, adding to the mystique surrounding this unique vehicle.

Despite its commercial failure, the Garaiya's narrative did not end there. Its digital immortalization in the popular Gran Turismo video game series, particularly through the PS3-era titles up to GT6, played a crucial role in preserving its memory among automotive enthusiasts. In later iterations of the game, the defunct ASL branding was replaced with that of Autobacs' ARTA racing team, subtly acknowledging its lineage. Beyond the virtual world, the Garaiya found a competitive home in the Super GT series' GT300 class. A specially modified version of the car actively competed from 2003 to 2012, achieving a notable runner-up finish in the 2004 GT300 championship, showcasing its performance capabilities on the track.

The Garaiya's story continued its improbable trajectory into the 21st century. Several of the prototypes, repurposed as display vehicles at various Autobacs outlets, eventually found new life. One such prototype was acquired by Osaka Sangyo University, where it underwent a remarkable transformation, receiving an electric powertrain. In a testament to its enduring legacy, another electric-converted Garaiya made an appearance at the 2024 Tokyo Auto Salon, part of Autobacs' 50th-anniversary celebrations, twenty-two years after the original car's debut. While details on this latest iteration remain scarce, these reappearance demonstrate the Garaiya's surprising longevity and its unique position as a project that, despite its initial setbacks, continues to intrigue and evolve. This persistent presence underscores the car's inherent appeal and its ability to captivate imaginations across different eras of automotive innovation.

The story of the ASL Garaiya serves as a compelling narrative about a niche sports car that, despite its premature halt in production, carved out a unique and lasting presence through unexpected avenues like video games and motorsport. Its journey from a promising concept to a racing contender and, more recently, an electric vehicle prototype, highlights its peculiar ability to resurface and adapt. The Garaiya’s enduring appeal, spanning over two decades since its initial conception, solidifies its place as an intriguing footnote in automotive history, perpetually reminding enthusiasts of the myriad possibilities within car design and engineering.